How was Hawaiian history predominantly passed down?

Hawaiian history was predominantly passed down through the spoken word in legend or song, known as "mo'olelo" and "mele." This method of storytelling is crucial in indigenous cultures where oral traditions serve to preserve and transmit knowledge, values, and history from one generation to the next. Since written language was introduced to Hawaii later, much of the early history, mythology, and cultural practices were conveyed orally.

Legends and songs often contain essential historical narratives, genealogies, and moral lessons, helping to maintain the cultural identity and heritage of the Hawaiian people. This rich oral tradition not only engaged listeners but also ensured that the stories remained dynamic and relevant within the culture, adapting as necessary over time. While other forms such as written records, visual arts, and religious texts may also play a role in conveying aspects of culture and history, the primary and most authentic method for the Hawaiian people has been through oral tradition.