What is the primary characteristic of the Windward Sides of the Hawaiian Islands?

The primary characteristic of the Windward Sides of the Hawaiian Islands is that they are typically cooler and wetter. This is due to the prevailing trade winds that bring moisture from the ocean. As the winds hit the mountains on the Windward side, they are forced to rise, leading to condensation and precipitation. This results in lush vegetation and a vibrant ecosystem, making this side of the islands more humid and temperate, in contrast to the Leeward Sides, which are drier and sunnier.

In addition to this, the microclimates created by the topography of the islands contribute to the distinct weather patterns observed on the Windward Sides, resulting in more rainfall and cooler temperatures compared to other areas. This climatic pattern is a crucial element of Hawaii's geography and ecology, shaping the environments and lifestyles on those sides of the islands.